Drafting a Police Complaint for FIR
What Is an FIR?
An FIR (First Information Report) is a written document prepared by the police when they receive information about the commission of a cognizable offense. It serves as the foundation for a criminal case and initiates the investigation process.
According to Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), 1973, the police are duty-bound to register an FIR when a cognizable offense is reported.
Difference Between a Complaint and FIR
Feature | Police Complaint | FIR (First Information Report) |
Type of Offense | Can be for both cognizable and non-cognizable | Only for cognizable offenses |
Legal Obligation | Police may or may not act | Police are bound to act |
Format Requirement | Informal or formal | Formal and follows a prescribed format |
Investigation Starts | Not always | Immediately after registration |
Importance of a Well-Drafted Police Complaint
A well-written police complaint ensures:
- Proper registration of FIR
- Clear narration of facts
- Accurate legal categorization of the offense
- Speedy investigation and legal action
Format for Drafting a Police Complaint for FIR
Here is the recommended format for a police complaint letter to initiate an FIR:
To,
The Station House Officer (SHO),
[Name of Police Station],
[Address],
[City/State].
Date: [DD/MM/YYYY]
Subject: Complaint regarding [brief nature of offense, e.g., theft, assault, fraud, etc.]
Respected Sir/Madam,
I, [Your Full Name], S/o or D/o [Father’s/Mother’s Name], aged [Your Age], residing at [Full Address], would like to lodge a complaint regarding the incident that took place on [Date and Time] at [Location].
[Detailed narrative of the incident in chronological order. Mention names of accused (if known), witnesses, what happened, and how.]
I request you to kindly register an FIR under the relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code and initiate necessary legal action against the accused.
I am enclosing copies of relevant documents/evidence (if any) for your reference.
Kindly acknowledge the receipt of this complaint and provide a copy of the FIR.
Thanking you,
Yours sincerely,
[Your Full Name]
[Mobile Number]
[Email ID]
[Signature]
Enclosures:
- Copy of ID proof
- Any supporting documents/evidence
Key Components of a Good Police Complaint
When drafting a police complaint for FIR, include the following elements:
- Clear Identification: Provide your full name, address, and contact details.
- Precise Date and Time: Mention when the offense occurred.
- Location of Incident: Specify the exact or approximate location.
- Narration of Events: Describe what happened in a clear and chronological manner.
- Names of Accused (if known): Identify the persons involved, if possible.
- Witnesses (if any): Include names and contact details of any eyewitnesses.
- Loss or Harm Suffered: Detail property loss, bodily harm, emotional distress, etc.
- Request for FIR Registration: Ask the officer to file an FIR under appropriate legal sections.
- Signature and Date: Sign and date the complaint.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Using vague language or emotional outbursts instead of factual descriptions.
- Omitting important details like dates, names, or location.
- Failing to attach supporting evidence or identity proof.
- Not keeping a copy of the complaint letter and acknowledgment receipt.
- Submitting the complaint to the wrong jurisdictional police station.
What to Do If the Police Refuse to Register an FIR?
If the police refuse to register an FIR, you have legal remedies:
- Send the Complaint to Higher Authorities
Address it to the Superintendent of Police (SP) or Commissioner of Police with acknowledgment. - Approach the Magistrate
Under Section 156(3) CrPC, you can file a petition before the Magistrate to direct the police to register an FIR. - File an Online Complaint
Many states offer online FIR portals for lodging complaints. - Approach the Human Rights Commission or Legal Aid Services
Legal Provisions to Mention
- Section 154 CrPC – Registration of FIR
- Section 156(3) CrPC – Magistrate’s power to direct FIR
- Section 200 CrPC – Filing a private complaint
Final Checklist Before Submission
- Complaint is clear, factual, and structured
- Date, time, and location are mentioned
- Names of accused/witnesses (if any)
- Relevant evidence attached
- Signed and dated
- Submitted to the correct police station
Need Legal Help Drafting or Filing an FIR?
If you’re facing difficulty in drafting a police complaint or if the police are refusing to register your FIR, we are here to help.
At NYAYA SETU LEGAL ASSOCIATION we assist individuals in preparing clear, legally sound FIR complaints and ensure they are submitted to the appropriate authorities. Our team of experienced advocates is well-versed in criminal law and can guide you through every step of the process—from complaint drafting to court intervention if needed.
Contact us today for a consultation and protect your legal rights without delay.
- Professional drafting of police complaints
- Legal advice on FIR and criminal law
- Assistance in case of police inaction
- Quick and confidential support
Your justice starts with the right words. Let us help you get there.
Author: Nyaya Setu Legal Association
Disclaimer: This article is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For specific legal assistance regarding Drafting a Police Complaint for FIR, please consult us for more option.